For many residents in Cape Town’s impoverished townships, the state’s failure to provide domestic tap water is an established fact of life.

Vuyo Twani was among a steady stream of residents in Langa township this week sharing a tap to fill plastic containers, as well as to wash chicken feet and rinse mops.

“You don’t know if there’ll be water,” said Twani of the three taps that supply several hundred residents.

“If you can’t find any water I have to go the Shoprite” supermarket, he added. “That’s expensive.”

City officials estimate that informal settlement’s like Twani’s use just five percent of the city’s water.

Twani — who works as a bartender at the five-star Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel in the city centre — said that he, along with his wife and young daughter, use just 10 litres per day at home.

He doubted that residents of Cape Town’s wealthier areas — which account for more than 65 percent of total consumption — would cope with water queues and ever stricter limits.

‘Save water!’
“These people in the suburbs, they’re just used to waking up and showering and brushing their teeth,” he said, wearing a singlet over his slim frame.

But Twani said guests at his hotel bar are well aware of Cape Town’s water crisis.

“Even if we wash the drinks shakers, they’ll say ‘save water!’,” Twani said as he caught the last few drops from the tap.

At the Theewaterskloof dam, an hour-and-a-half from central Cape Town, a once verdant reservoir has given way to a craggy, sun-baked plain of mud pocked with scrub and long cracks.

The reservoir sits exposed to the baking sun and is now only 12.5 percent full. Experts warn that anything below 10 percent is unlikely to be usable.

Back in the city, thousands of Capetonians queue every day to collect fresh water from the Newlands spring, next to a brewery, to supplement their individual 50-litre quotas.

Residents are watched over by a unit of private security guards, deployed in response to recent tensions at the natural spring.

A rigidly-enforced system of limits and a recently implemented express queue have imposed order after a scuffle.

Women wearing expensive floral-print pencil dresses waited alongside young men in labourers’ overalls and families with children wearing uniforms from both private and government schools.

“It’s not just about the water, it’s about the social impact of not having access to a resource,” said researcher Fairuz Mullagee, 56, as she filled up at the spring.

“It’s going to amplify inequalities… We already experience it here — the tensions and the conflict.”