HEALTHY LIVING

Caesareans increase child obesity risk by 50%

Published

7 years ago

January 30, 2018

Babies who are born by caesarean are 50 per cent more likely to be obese before the age of five, research has found. They are also more likely to suffer asthma during childhood, while their mothers face greater threat of future miscarriage and infertility.

A review on the long-term risks of caesarean sections, which looked at 79 large scientific studies, found that an average of 9.2 in every 100 babies born naturally were obese before the age of five.But that rises to almost 14 out of every 100 babies for those who were born by caesarean.

This 51 per cent increased risk could be because babies surgically removed from the womb are not exposed to important bacteria as they would be if they had passed through the birth canal.Without it, their metabolism and their body’s ability to store fat may be affected.

The study was published in the journal PLOS Medicine.Dr. Sarah Stock, who was co-author of the review from the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health at the University of Edinburgh, said: “Although we cannot conclude that caesarean delivery causes certain outcomes, pregnant women and clinicians should be aware that caesarean delivery is associated with long-term risks for the baby and for subsequent pregnancies.

“The significance that women attribute to individual risks and benefits is likely to vary, but it is imperative that clinicians take care to ensure that women are made aware of any risk that they are likely to attach significance to.”Babies born by caesarean were nearly 20 per cent more likely to have asthma before the age of 12. Asthma rates rose from around 3.05 in 100 babies born naturally to 3.65 in every 100 who had C-section births.

This may also be due to missing out on bacteria in the birth canal, which can protect against the allergies which cause wheezing and breathlessness.The review shows women who have had caesareans are about a third less likely than those who have had a natural birth to fall pregnant again.This infertility may be caused by an injury or infection in the womb after doctors cut into it to remove the baby safely. Scarring of the womb could also explain a higher rate of miscarriage among women who have had a caesarean.

And scarring could explain the 40 per cent increased likelihood of ‘placental abruption’ – a condition where the placenta starts to come away from the womb wall before the baby is born, which can starve it of vital nutrients and stop the child growing properly.However, the study, which was published in the journal PLOS Medicine, also concludes that women who have a caesarean are less likely to suffer urinary incontinence or a pelvic prolapse.

Guardian

HEALTHY LIVING

12 Daily Habits That Cause Mouth Odour Even After Brushing

Published

2 weeks ago

November 2, 2024

Adaeze Okechi

Habits That Cause Mouth Odour Even After Brushing | fab.ng

Bad breath can be frustrating, especially if it lingers even after brushing. Certain habits that cause mouth odour even after brushing are often overlooked but can significantly impact oral health.

For example, skipping flossing allows food particles and bacteria to build up between teeth, leading to unpleasant odours.

Additionally, dehydration causes a dry mouth, reducing saliva production, which typically helps wash away odour-causing bacteria.

Consuming strong-smelling foods like garlic and onions can also lead to mouth odour, even after brushing, as these scents linger and are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Smoking or using tobacco is another major contributor, coating the mouth with lingering smells that brushing alone can’t remove.

Regularly addressing these habits that cause mouth odour even after brushing can improve breath freshness and overall oral health.

Proper hydration, a full oral hygiene routine, and avoiding certain foods can make all the difference.

Poor Oral Hygiene:

1. Neglecting Tongue Cleaning: The tongue harbours bacteria, which can cause significant bad breath. Using a tongue scraper daily can effectively remove these bacteria and freshen your breath.

2. Skipping Flossing: Flossing removes food particles and plaque from between your teeth, areas that your toothbrush can’t reach. These trapped particles can lead to bacterial growth and bad breath.

3. Relying Solely on Mouthwash: While mouthwash can temporarily mask bad breath, it doesn’t address the underlying issue. Brushing your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste is essential for removing plaque and bacteria.

4. Dehydration: Saliva helps wash away food particles and bacteria, keeping your mouth fresh. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day can help maintain adequate saliva production.

Underlying Health Conditions:

5. Dry Mouth: Dry mouth, or xerostomia, can lead to bad breath as saliva helps to wash away bacteria. Certain medications, medical conditions, and habits like mouth breathing can contribute to dry mouth.

6. Gum Disease: Gum disease, characterized by inflammation and infection of the gums, can cause persistent bad breath. Regular dental check-ups and proper oral hygiene are crucial for preventing gum disease.

7. Sinus Infections: Sinus infections can lead to postnasal drip, which can cause bad breath. Treatment of underlying sinus infections is essential for improving breath odour.

8. Gastrointestinal Issues: Certain digestive disorders, such as acid reflux and irritable bowel syndrome, can cause bad breath. Treating these underlying conditions can help alleviate bad breath.

Lifestyle Factors:

9. Diet: Consuming strong-smelling foods like garlic, onions, and spicy foods can contribute to temporary bad breath. Additionally, a diet high in sugar can feed bacteria, leading to increased bad breath.

10. Smoking and Tobacco Use: Smoking and tobacco use can significantly worsen bad breath. These habits can irritate the mouth and throat, leading to dry mouth and increased bacterial growth.

11. Certain Medications: Some medications can cause dry mouth as a side effect, contributing to bad breath. Consult with your doctor to discuss potential alternatives or strategies to manage dry mouth.

12. Stress and Anxiety: Stress and anxiety can lead to increased saliva production, which can sometimes cause bad breath. Practising relaxation techniques and stress management strategies can help alleviate this issue.

To maintain fresh breath, it’s essential to practice good oral hygiene, stay hydrated, and address any underlying health conditions. Regular dental check-ups are also crucial for identifying and treating potential causes of bad breath.

Here are some additional tips for maintaining fresh breath:

Avoid excessive alcohol consumption: Alcohol can dehydrate the mouth and contribute to bad breath.
Limit sugary drinks: Sugary drinks can feed bacteria, leading to increased bad breath.
Chew sugar-free gum: Chewing sugar-free gum can stimulate saliva production and help to wash away food particles and bacteria.
Use a mouthwash with antibacterial properties: A mouthwash with antibacterial properties can help kill bacteria and freshen your breath.
Consider using a dental rinse: A dental rinse can help remove plaque and bacteria from hard-to-reach areas of the mouth.

If you are concerned about bad breath, it is important to see your dentist or doctor to rule out any underlying medical conditions.

Get more health tips here.

HEALTHY LIVING

Do Bras Really Keep Breasts From Sagging? Check This Out!

Published

3 weeks ago

October 26, 2024

Adaeze Okechi

Do Bras Keep Breasts From Sagging? | fab.ng

One common insecurity many women face is having saggy breasts. This often leads to the question: Do bras keep breasts from sagging? Many turn to bras, especially tight or constricting ones, in hopes that they can prevent or reverse sagging. This has sparked widespread curiosity about whether bras can truly offer such support.

Over the years, different speculations have emerged about the effectiveness of bras in keeping breasts firm. People frequently ask, do bras keep breasts from sagging, and if so, to what extent? Some believe bras can prevent sagging, while others argue that they have little impact.

In this article, we’ll explore the truth behind these claims and provide a clear understanding of the role bras may or may not play in preventing saggy breasts.

Why do breasts sag?

Breast sagging, also known as breast ptosis, is influenced by a variety of factors. These include genetics, age, breast size, pregnancy, breastfeeding, weight fluctuations, and even the constant pull of gravity over time. Each of these elements plays a role in how the breasts change shape and firmness.

Breasts are composed of dense glandular tissue and Cooper’s ligaments, which are connective tissues that help attach the breasts to the chest wall. The firmness and shape of the breasts largely depend on the strength and elasticity of these ligaments.

As women age, the body undergoes natural changes, one of which involves glandular tissue gradually being replaced by fat. This shift, combined with the stretching of the suspensory ligaments, can lead to sagging over time.

This brings up the popular question again: Do bras keep breasts from sagging? Some believe that wearing a bra offers support that could counteract these changes, but the science is not definitive.

Since internal tissue changes are the primary cause of sagging, it’s essential to recognize the limits of what bras can achieve in maintaining long-term breast firmness. While bras offer external support, they cannot prevent the natural changes that occur within the breast tissue over time.

Understanding the natural anatomy and the external factors that contribute to sagging helps clarify whether or not bras can effectively prevent this condition. So, do bras keep breasts from sagging? We’ll explore this question further in light of what really happens inside the breast tissue.

Does wearing bras keep breasts from sagging?

Wearing a bra actively helps prevent long-term sagging, particularly for women with C-cup sizes and above. The additional support that bras provide can reduce strain on the breast tissues, which may help in maintaining a firmer appearance over time.

Going braless consistently, however, can eventually lead to sagging due to the stretching of Cooper’s ligaments. These ligaments, which hold up the breasts, can be influenced by regular bra usage, making bras an important factor in supporting breast tissue.

Joanna Wakefield-Scurr, who heads a research group on breast health, pointed out that bras may aid in maintaining the breast’s shape by lifting it, rather than causing it to sag. Her research suggests that ‘bras keep breasts from sagging’ is a valid statement, especially when considering the benefits of added support.

Much like how restrictive clothing such as corsets or certain types of shoes can alter the body’s anatomy, bras can influence the long-term appearance of the breasts by providing necessary support.

Additionally, evidence from populations where women have never worn bras shows that their breasts often sag and elongate. This observation suggests that insufficient support for the breast’s skin tissues can lead to stretching. Further, it reinforces the idea behind the ‘Do bras keep breasts from sagging’ question.

Other Benefits of Wearing Bras

For women who lead active lifestyles, such as walking, hiking, or working out, wearing a compression-fit sports bra plays a crucial role in maintaining good posture and preventing back strain. Without this essential support, the repetitive motion and impact can negatively affect the spine and muscles.

Wearing a bra also provides relief from physical discomfort for women with larger breasts, who often experience neck and back stiffness due to the added weight. A well-fitted, supportive bra can alleviate this strain. Also, it can offer better comfort throughout the day.

Additionally, supportive bras are important for maintaining breast health. However, bras must fit properly; overly tight bras can cause circulation issues and even lead to cardiovascular problems if worn regularly.

While bras provide many benefits, it’s important to remember that, over time, nature will take its course, and breasts will naturally sag regardless of their shape or size.

For more articles on lifestyle, check here.

HEALTHY LIVING

How To Look After Your Mental Health Using Exercise

Published

4 weeks ago

October 19, 2024

Adaeze Okechi

We all understand the importance of exercise in maintaining physical health, but did you know that exercise and mental health are also closely connected? Research shows that regular physical activity significantly improves mental health and emotional well-being while reducing the likelihood of mental illness.

Engaging in exercise and mental health activities consistently lowers the risk of developing mental health disorders. It also plays a key role in managing certain conditions like depression and anxiety.

For instance, studies reveal that in cases of mild to moderate depression, exercise can be as effective as antidepressants or psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy.

Incorporating exercise and mental health practices into your daily routine boosts physical fitness and can be a powerful tool for maintaining emotional stability.

Even when combined with other treatments, regular physical activity enhances the overall outcome, making exercise and mental health care an essential part of any well-rounded treatment plan.

Why does exercise make us feel better, mentally?

People who exercise regularly often do so because it makes them feel good. Exercise boosts mood, concentration, and alertness and helps foster a positive outlook on life.

The connection between exercise and mental health is complex. Inactivity can contribute to mental illness and result from it, but exercise offers numerous mental health benefits, including:

Exercise changes levels of chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin, stress hormones, and endorphins.
Regular exercise improves sleep, which in turn helps manage mood.
It enhances your sense of control, coping ability, and self-esteem. Achieving fitness goals often makes people feel accomplished.
Exercise distracts from negative thoughts and opens the door to new experiences.
It creates opportunities to socialize and gain support when exercising with others.
Physical activity increases your energy levels.
It serves as a productive outlet for frustrations.
Exercise reduces skeletal muscle tension, promoting relaxation.

The physical benefits of exercise are equally crucial for those with mental illness. It improves cardiovascular and overall health, which matters because people with mental health challenges are at greater risk of developing chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, and asthma.

Exercising for Your Mental Health

You might wonder how much exercise you need to boost your mental health if you haven’t made it part of your routine yet.

Exercise can make a difference in your mood and thinking patterns even at low or moderate intensity – you don’t need to work out strenuously or for long periods.

Adults should stay active most days, according to Australia’s physical activity and sedentary guidelines. You can aim to complete 2.5-5 hours of moderate physical activity weekly, like brisk walking or swimming.

Alternatively, you can engage in 1.25-2.5 hours of vigorous activities weekly, such as jogging, fast cycling, or team sports. You can also mix both moderate and vigorous activities.

Remember that any movement will benefit you more than staying inactive. You can improve your mind and body through leisurely walks, stretching, or yoga. Even daily tasks like sweeping, mopping, or vacuuming can give you a mild workout.

Starting Your Exercise Journey

You might feel nervous about beginning an exercise routine after a long break, but creating a structured plan will help you initiate and maintain your fitness journey.

Increase your chances of success by following these key steps:

Visit your GP or an accredited exercise physiologist before beginning your fitness journey, and maintain regular check-ins as you progress through your exercise plan
Select activities that bring you joy or have previously made you happy, ensuring they match your current fitness capabilities and physical abilities
Begin with modest goals – gradually increase your activity levels over time. Mix different types of exercises to maintain your interest and motivation
Mark your exercise sessions in your diary or calendar, transforming them into non-negotiable appointments in your daily schedule
Review your exercise plans consistently, and switch to different activities when your current routine stops serving your needs or interests

Try Exercising Outdoors for Enhanced Benefits

You can dramatically improve your exercise results by taking your workout into the fresh air and natural surroundings.

Research participants have reported experiencing significantly higher levels of vitality, enthusiasm, and pleasure when they walk outside rather than indoors. They also note feeling increased self-esteem while experiencing reduced tension, depression, and fatigue after outdoor walks.

People who choose outdoor exercise consistently express greater motivation to continue their fitness routine compared to those who exercise indoors.

Studies show outdoor exercisers dedicate more time to their workouts and maintain higher frequencies of exercise sessions compared to indoor fitness enthusiasts.